Stinging larvae (Lepidoptera) and their potential risks to human health
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Abstract
Stinging larvae of the Order Lepidoptera are provided with hairs connected to venom glands, which when in contact with the skin can cause pain, burning, itching, allergic reactions and in extreme situations, death. In Neotropical countries such as Panama, the Limacodidae, Megalopygidae and Saturniidae families are possibly the ones that have most frequently been reported to affect people, since in many cases they are associated with plots with fruit, vegetable, ornamental plants and forestry. This work reviews these insects, the possible risks to human health and the composition of the venom of some of these larvae. Additionally, some recommended treatments against erucism accidents are presented. According to some specialists, these organisms represent a threat to the agriculture of the new millennium, if research is not continued in the creation of new antidotes, instead of being limited only to treating symptoms. On the other hand, there is some evidence that some caterpillar venom could be used to treat degenerative diseases like Alzheimer and Parkinson. In conclusion, stinging larvae are an interesting group that deserves further study
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